Democracy and Development: An Interrelationship
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An interrelationship: You can simplify the relationship between democracy and development. Some researchers argue that democracies are more guarantors or property rights than non-democracies and respect for property rights and contracts is essential for investment and growth. Democracies also appear to be better at managing and consolidating the economic reforms, because democracies are better to get the support of groups who lose out from reforms. Therefore, the relationship between democracy and development can be clarified as under:
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First, democracies are better than authoritarian conflict management. Because the political space and the institution providing competition open to opponents hope that it can change without destroying the system. Some politicians argue that democracy brings political instability. undermining development. But empirical studies show the inverse relationship. Socio-political unrest and delivery of power occur more often than decreases in dictatorships, but not disturb the development. But history says that the war caused more economic hardship systemic conflict .. Consequently, they fall outside the economic tumult of the political crisis usually.
The report itself is in the opposite direction - that is, higher incomes to help the emerging democracies to survive once the likelihood of a return to authoritarianism declines as incomes increase. Higher incomes also contribute to political stability.
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Second, democracies are better at avoiding catastrophes and management of sudden declines that threaten human survival. As Amartya Sen argued, democratic institutions and processes to provide strong incentives for the government to avoid famine.
Political incentives in democracies also seem to help companies to avoid disaster and above all other economic ruin the collapse of development. The worst economic crisis in democracies are much less in the survey were the worst dictator ship. True some of the highest economic growth was achieved in non-democratic government, particularly the East Asian tigers between 1960, when 1980. Authoritarian regimes, but also in the countries under economic ruin-in
buts Congo, Dad, and ordered him to Haiti Doc and Idi amins Uganda.
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Third, democracies help spread the world about the critical health problems. such as the negative implications for women of a large number of births, the Brest and power benefits of the danger of unprotected sex in the context of HIV / AIDS. In these areas, an open and public debate can disseminate information and influence behavior. Free and open debate is the cornerstone of the constructive role that democracies can play in promoting development.
Fourth, political freedom and the opportunity to participate in community life and the skills that are important to human development as being able to EAD and write and be in good health. People without political freedom are much less choices in life. And be able to participate in community life in those fundamental to human existence.
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Fifth, participation through collective agency promotes democratic governance as well as single agency. Are individual development as a collective action through social and political movement has often been an engine of progress, or to the central theme of human development, environmental protection, promoting gender equality, promotion of human rights. Visible, the political freedom to compare the people there to claim political and social rights. While education increases their ability to apply economic and social policies that the answer to their priorities.
In the application, the other two extremes stands the economic development that increases the probability of being a democratic country. materialization theory holds that the conversation toward democracy is an inevitable result if economic development, making the search of the most likely transition to democracy. However, some research and found that insulting in Latin America the level of economic development has no significant effect on the rate of change of an enemy of democracy of the seven measures of democracy. Even as high-income countries are more likely to be more democratic than other factors are taken into account. So democracy and growth are committable.
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However. some studies also show a confusion effect Waezaring According to Tavares-Abad, greater democracy and human capital accumulation decreases in income inequalities, growth increases but also decreases the accumulation of physical capital increases the demand of government, following the growth.
Another says the discovery is that while the economic running of tribal dictatorships varies from excellent, democracies tend to cluster at the center. The fastest-growing countries have typically been dictatorships, but no democracy has ever performed as badly as the worst dictatorships. The same applies to the reduction of the property. So democracy is to avoid the worst consequences. while not guaranteed the best.
In the end, democracy and development are some things that the other municipalities. Both have more than a destination location - a promise rather than a list. But no society is never fully democratic or fully developed what the matter moves forward, and not slip back.
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